White balance (WB) is the process of removing unrealistic
color casts, so that objects which appear white in person are rendered white in
your photo. Proper camera white balance has to take into account the
"color temperature" of a light source, which refers to the relative
warmth or coolness of white light. Our eyes are very good at judging what is
white under different light sources, but digital cameras often have great
difficulty with auto white balance (AWB) - and can create unsightly blue,
orange, or even green color casts. Understanding digital white balance can help
you avoid these color casts, thereby improving your photos under a wider range
of lighting conditions.
Color cast
Daylight White Balance
Auto white balance
Certain subjects create problems for a digital camera's auto
white balance — even under normal daylight conditions. One example is if the
image already has an overabundance of warmth or coolness due to unique subject
matter. The image below illustrates a situation where the subject is
predominantly red, and so the camera mistakes this for a color cast induced by
a warm light source. The camera then tries to compensate for this so that the
average color of the image is closer to neutral, but in doing so it unknowingly
creates a bluish color cast on the stones. Some digital cameras are more
susceptible to this than others.
Automatic White Balance
Custom White Balance
http://www.cambridgeincolour.com/tutorials/white-balance.htm
The reason we adjust white balance is to get the colors in our
images as accurate as possible.
Images from The Manchester College, Fielden Campus, 5th floor
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